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胰腺癌 Symptom Management
胰腺癌 is often accompanied by one or more unpleasant symptoms. 癌症治疗的目标之一是解决或减轻这些症状的严重程度. Unfortunately, cancer treatments themselves may also cause symptoms.
癌症患者通常会经历一系列严重程度不一的症状. These include pain, fatigue, poor appetite, nausea 和 vomiting. 与你的十大赌博平台排行榜或护士讨论任何症状是很重要的,这样可以讨论管理策略, 如果需要的话, medications prescribed to control the severity of symptoms.
疼痛
胰腺癌 can often cause abdominal 和 back pain. 胰腺位于腹部神经和血管纵横交错的区域. 当癌症压迫到这些神经或其他器官时,你可能会感到疼痛.
There are several methods available to treat 和 manage pain. These include pain medications (opioid 和 non-opioid), 辐射, 手术和神经阻滞的形式, including celiac plexus block (CPB) or celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN). Some patients choose to supplement these methods with alternative or 补充疗法 如 针灸、生物反馈、 引导图像 放松技巧.
Celiac plexus block (CPB) 和 celiac plexus neurolysis (CPN)
这些手术阻断了腹部一组叫做腹腔神经丛的神经, which can deliver sensations of pain from the abdomen to the brain. CPN包括注射一种剂,通常是酒精,以永久破坏神经. CPB包括注射药物,如皮质类固醇和麻醉药物. 这种方法通常只持续几个月,并不打算永久性地破坏神经.
腹腔丛阻滞或神经松解术有不同的方法. CPB 和 CPN can be performed percutaneously, 使用一根穿过皮肤的针,并使用成像技术(如计算机断层扫描(CT)或内窥镜超声(EUS))引导到合适的位置。. Or, 在超声引导下使用内窥镜将针推进腹腔丛区, 和 either alcohol or numbing agents with corticosteroids can be injected.
射频消融(RFA)
RFA is one of the newest techniques being used for pain control. 在RFA, 射频波通过一根针输送,产生的热量刚好足以摧毁神经. It is not yet known which is the best way to perform a nerve block.
Your doctor will discuss whether this is an appropriate option for you, 和 will refer you to one of our pain specialists in this area. 重要的是要注意,这些程序并不能为每个人提供缓解, but most patients will have a reduction in their pain.
Abdominal Symptoms 和 Nutrition
由于多种原因,胰腺癌会导致体重意外下降. Sometimes this is due to stomach symptoms 如 fullness, 气体, 打嗝, 腹泻, 和一般, 便秘. 病人经常描述食欲不振、厌恶食物、恶心和呕吐. 这些肠胃症状可能是由癌症本身引起的,也可能是由治疗癌症的药物引起的.
找到有效控制这些症状的最佳方法是与你的十大赌博平台排行榜或护士讨论. 有许多方法和资源可以帮助改善这些症状.
胰酶
胰酶被用来改善食物的消化,预防尿频等症状, 脂肪性肠蠕动. 这些可能发生在胰腺和肠道之间堵塞的患者身上, or who have had surgery to remove all or part of the pancreas. 胰酶是用来代替正常由胰腺产生的天然物质. These enzymes break down proteins, 脂肪和淀粉从食物中分解成更小的物质,帮助肠道吸收. This allows the body to use these substances for energy.
Some patients may not need any pancreatic enzymes, while others may need a large amount to relieve their symptoms. 这些酶是口服的, 通常是食物和水, several times a day — often with every meal or snack. 每天服用胰酶的次数取决于你的病情以及你对治疗的反应. Your doctor will prescribe the number of pills 和 how often to take them. 最有可能的, 您将从低剂量开始,并根据您对治疗和饮食的反应逐渐增加剂量.
Pancreatic enzymes may control symptoms but cannot cure the condition. You should continue to take pancreatic enzymes even if you feel well.
乏力
乏力 is an extremely common symptom of cancer 和 cancer treatments. Feelings of fatigue can range from tiredness to exhaustion, can vary in frequency 和 often have multiple causes. It is important to tell your health care providers about your fatigue. 有很多可用的资源可以帮助你应对和保存你的能量.
For more information, please see our patient education articles, 委派来帮助缓解疲劳 和 节约能源小贴士.
应对与抑郁
每个被诊断患有癌症的人都会有不同的反应,在他们的癌症治疗过程中会经历不同程度的压力和情绪不安. 这些症状和恐惧通常会随着患者适应诊断而减轻.
Not all persons with cancer experience depression. The cause of depression is unknown. Risk factors may or may not be cancer-related, 一些癌症患者患抑郁症的风险更高.
The symptoms of major depression include:
- 大多数日子情绪低落
- Loss of interest or pleasure in most daily activities
- 睡眠习惯的改变
- 紧张
- 迟缓
- 注意力不集中
- Constant thoughts of death or suicide
At times, these symptoms are due to a medical condition.
重度抑郁症可以通过咨询和药物治疗相结合来治疗. 有几种疗法有助于治疗癌症相关的抑郁症. 大多数治疗方案都是在个人或团体环境中提供的,包括支持团体, cancer education 和 classes on relaxation skills, 应对, 瑜伽和冥想. 有些病人向了解危及生命的疾病的人寻求咨询, 比如医疗 社会工作者心理学家或 牧师. 没有明显抑郁症状的患者也可以从咨询中获益.
加州大学旧金山分校健康 medical specialists have reviewed this information. 它仅用于教育目的,并不打算取代您的十大赌博平台排行榜或其他医疗保健提供者的建议. 我们鼓励您与您的供应商讨论您可能遇到的任何问题或疑虑.
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